471 lines
7.8 KiB
Markdown
471 lines
7.8 KiB
Markdown
# Nex Design 部署文档
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## 概述
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本文档介绍如何使用 Docker + PM2 在服务器上部署 Nex Design 项目。
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## 技术栈
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- Docker: 容器化部署
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- PM2: Node.js 进程管理
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- Nginx serve: 静态文件服务器
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- Node.js 18: 运行环境
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## 文件说明
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### 1. ecosystem.config.js
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PM2 进程管理配置文件，定义了应用的运行参数：
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- **name**: 应用名称 `nex-design`
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- **script**: 使用 `npx serve` 提供静态文件服务
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- **args**: 指定服务 `dist` 目录，端口 3000
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- **instances**: 单实例运行
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- **max_memory_restart**: 内存超过 500MB 自动重启
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- **日志配置**: 输出到 `logs` 目录
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### 2. Dockerfile
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多阶段构建的 Docker 镜像配置：
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**构建阶段 (builder)**:
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- 基于 `node:18-alpine`
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- 安装依赖并构建项目
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**生产阶段**:
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- 轻量级 Alpine 镜像
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- 全局安装 PM2 和 serve
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- 复制构建产物和配置
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- 暴露 3000 端口
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- 使用 `pm2-runtime` 启动
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### 3. docker-compose.yml
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Docker Compose 编排配置：
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- 服务名称: `nex-design`
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- 端口映射: `3000:3000`
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- 自动重启策略
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- 日志卷挂载
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- 健康检查配置
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### 4. .dockerignore
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定义 Docker 构建时忽略的文件，减小镜像体积。
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## 部署步骤
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### 前置要求
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确保服务器已安装：
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- Docker (>= 20.10)
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- Docker Compose (>= 2.0)
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```bash
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# 检查 Docker 版本
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docker --version
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docker-compose --version
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```
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### 1. 上传代码到服务器
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```bash
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# 方式一：使用 git
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git clone <your-repository-url>
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cd nex-design
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# 方式二：使用 scp
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scp -r ./nex-design user@server:/path/to/deploy/
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```
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### 2. 构建 Docker 镜像
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```bash
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# 构建镜像
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docker-compose build
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# 或使用 Docker 直接构建
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docker build -t nex-design:latest .
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```
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### 3. 启动服务
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```bash
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# 启动服务（后台运行）
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docker-compose up -d
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# 查看日志
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docker-compose logs -f
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# 查看服务状态
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docker-compose ps
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```
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### 4. 验证部署
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```bash
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# 检查容器状态
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docker ps
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# 检查健康状态
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docker inspect --format='{{.State.Health.Status}}' nex-design-app
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# 访问应用
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curl http://localhost:3000
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```
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浏览器访问: `http://your-server-ip:3000`
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## 常用命令
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### Docker Compose 命令
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```bash
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# 启动服务
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docker-compose up -d
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# 停止服务
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docker-compose stop
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# 重启服务
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docker-compose restart
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# 停止并删除容器
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docker-compose down
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# 查看日志
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docker-compose logs -f nex-design
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# 重新构建并启动
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docker-compose up -d --build
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```
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### Docker 命令
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```bash
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# 查看运行中的容器
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docker ps
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# 查看所有容器
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docker ps -a
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# 进入容器
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docker exec -it nex-design-app sh
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# 查看容器日志
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docker logs -f nex-design-app
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# 删除容器
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docker rm -f nex-design-app
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# 删除镜像
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docker rmi nex-design:latest
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```
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### PM2 命令（容器内）
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```bash
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# 进入容器
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docker exec -it nex-design-app sh
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# 查看 PM2 进程列表
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pm2 list
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# 查看日志
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pm2 logs
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# 查看监控信息
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pm2 monit
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# 重启应用
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pm2 restart nex-design
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# 查看详细信息
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pm2 show nex-design
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```
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## 生产环境优化
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### 1. 使用 Nginx 反向代理
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创建 `nginx.conf`:
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```nginx
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upstream nex_design {
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server localhost:3000;
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}
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server {
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listen 80;
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server_name your-domain.com;
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location / {
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proxy_pass http://nex_design;
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proxy_http_version 1.1;
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proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
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proxy_set_header Connection 'upgrade';
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proxy_set_header Host $host;
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proxy_cache_bypass $http_upgrade;
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proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
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proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
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}
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# 静态资源缓存
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location ~* \.(js|css|png|jpg|jpeg|gif|ico|svg|woff|woff2|ttf|eot)$ {
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proxy_pass http://nex_design;
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expires 1y;
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add_header Cache-Control "public, immutable";
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}
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}
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```
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### 2. 添加 SSL 证书
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```bash
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# 使用 Let's Encrypt
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sudo certbot --nginx -d your-domain.com
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```
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### 3. 修改 docker-compose.yml 添加 Nginx
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```yaml
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version: '3.8'
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services:
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nex-design:
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build:
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context: .
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dockerfile: Dockerfile
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container_name: nex-design-app
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restart: unless-stopped
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expose:
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- "3000"
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environment:
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- NODE_ENV=production
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volumes:
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- ./logs:/app/logs
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networks:
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- nex-network
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nginx:
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image: nginx:alpine
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container_name: nex-design-nginx
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restart: unless-stopped
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ports:
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- "80:80"
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- "443:443"
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volumes:
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- ./nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
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- ./ssl:/etc/nginx/ssl
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depends_on:
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- nex-design
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networks:
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- nex-network
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networks:
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nex-network:
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driver: bridge
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```
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### 4. 环境变量配置
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创建 `.env` 文件：
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```env
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NODE_ENV=production
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PORT=3000
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```
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修改 `docker-compose.yml`:
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```yaml
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services:
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nex-design:
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env_file:
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- .env
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```
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## 日志管理
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### 查看日志
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```bash
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# Docker 日志
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docker-compose logs -f --tail=100 nex-design
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# PM2 日志（在容器内）
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docker exec nex-design-app pm2 logs --lines 100
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# 宿主机日志文件
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tail -f ./logs/pm2-out.log
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tail -f ./logs/pm2-error.log
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```
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### 日志轮转
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安装 `pm2-logrotate`:
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```bash
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docker exec nex-design-app pm2 install pm2-logrotate
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docker exec nex-design-app pm2 set pm2-logrotate:max_size 10M
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docker exec nex-design-app pm2 set pm2-logrotate:retain 7
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```
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## 监控和维护
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### 1. 资源监控
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```bash
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# 查看容器资源使用
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docker stats nex-design-app
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# 查看 PM2 监控
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docker exec nex-design-app pm2 monit
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```
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### 2. 健康检查
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```bash
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# 检查健康状态
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docker inspect --format='{{json .State.Health}}' nex-design-app | jq
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```
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### 3. 自动更新部署
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创建 `deploy.sh`:
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```bash
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#!/bin/bash
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echo "开始部署 Nex Design..."
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# 拉取最新代码
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git pull origin main
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# 重新构建镜像
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docker-compose build
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# 重启服务
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docker-compose up -d
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# 清理旧镜像
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docker image prune -f
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echo "部署完成！"
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echo "查看日志: docker-compose logs -f"
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```
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赋予执行权限：
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```bash
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chmod +x deploy.sh
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```
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## 故障排查
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### 容器无法启动
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```bash
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# 查看详细错误
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docker-compose logs nex-design
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# 检查镜像是否构建成功
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docker images | grep nex-design
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# 检查端口占用
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netstat -tlnp | grep 3000
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```
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### PM2 进程异常
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```bash
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# 进入容器
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docker exec -it nex-design-app sh
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# 查看 PM2 状态
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pm2 status
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# 重启进程
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pm2 restart nex-design
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# 查看错误日志
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pm2 logs --err
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```
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### 内存占用过高
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```bash
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# 查看内存使用
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docker stats nex-design-app
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# 调整 PM2 内存限制
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# 修改 ecosystem.config.js 中的 max_memory_restart
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```
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## 备份与恢复
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### 备份
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```bash
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# 备份日志
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tar -czf logs-backup-$(date +%Y%m%d).tar.gz logs/
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# 备份配置
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tar -czf config-backup-$(date +%Y%m%d).tar.gz \
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ecosystem.config.js \
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Dockerfile \
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docker-compose.yml \
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.dockerignore
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```
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### 恢复
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```bash
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# 恢复配置
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tar -xzf config-backup-20250101.tar.gz
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# 重新部署
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docker-compose up -d --build
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```
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## 安全建议
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1. **最小权限原则**: 使用非 root 用户运行容器
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2. **定期更新**: 及时更新基础镜像和依赖包
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3. **网络隔离**: 使用 Docker 网络隔离服务
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4. **日志审计**: 定期检查日志文件
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5. **资源限制**: 在 docker-compose.yml 中添加资源限制
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```yaml
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services:
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nex-design:
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deploy:
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resources:
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limits:
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cpus: '1'
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memory: 512M
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reservations:
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memory: 256M
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```
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## 性能优化
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1. **启用 Gzip 压缩**: 在 Nginx 中配置
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2. **静态资源缓存**: 设置合理的缓存策略
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3. **CDN 加速**: 将静态资源托管到 CDN
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4. **镜像优化**: 使用 Alpine 基础镜像，减小体积
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5. **构建缓存**: 利用 Docker 层缓存加速构建
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## 技术支持
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如遇问题，请检查：
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1. Docker 和 Docker Compose 版本
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2. 服务器资源（CPU、内存、磁盘）
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3. 防火墙和端口配置
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4. 日志文件中的错误信息
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## 更新日志
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- **v1.0.0** (2025-11-05): 初始版本，支持 Docker + PM2 部署
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